Hello friends in this post we are going to discuss about World history-Absolutism and Revolution Questions with answers | World history-Absolutism and Revolution MCQ With Answers | World history-Absolutism and Revolution History Dallas College ANswers
Which of the following would Locke most favor?
Republic
Why was James I resistant to work with Parliament?
He believed in the absolute power of kings.
Which statement gives the best summary of the English Bill of Rights?
The bill ensured superiority of Parliament over the monarchy.
To protect liberty, what did Montesquieu propose?
He proposed that the government be divided into separate branches.
Who believed that the best economic system was on in which business compete to gain profit
with minimal or no government control?
Adam Smith
Rousseau wrote, “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.” What kind of government
did he favor in order to ensure greater freedom?
A popularly elected government
Which form of government did Hobbes think could best maintain social order?
Absolute monarchy
What was the impact of the English Bill of Rights on the development of democracy in England?
It gave Parliament essential powers independent of the monarchy.
Which of the following was a significant result of the Glorious Revolution?
English King, James II, was overthrown.
Which of the following characterizes the economic system favored by Adam Smith?
Supply and demand regulate business
Which statement describes the influence of Elizabeth I on England?
Her skillful use of personal advisors to communicate her wishes to Parliament promoted
stability.
Elizabeth I’s relationship with Parliament demonstrated which of the following to other
countries?
A female absolute ruler can work together with Parliament.
Who were the oligarchs that controlled elections to the House of Commons?
Wealthy businessmen, Affluent landowners.
How did the British oligarchs threaten the livelihood of the poor?
They bought common lands, They evicted tenant farmers.
Magna Carta
– first English document to limit power of the monarch
– limited the power of the King in areas like taxation
cause of the English Civil War
a clash between King Charles I and Parliament after Charles tried to assert divine right to rule
England
Charles the V of Spain
King of Spain and Holy Roman Emperor. Absolute Monarch. He is the only know king that
retires from being King, Monarch, Holy Roman Empire.
Charles the I/Stuart
Was beheaded on the order of Cromwell and the Roundheads
English Civil War/Puritan Revolution
conflict from 1640-1660; religious disputes mixed with constitutional issues (the powers of the
monarch); ended w/ restoration of the monarch following execution of previous king
Oliver Cromwell
English military, political, and religious figure who led the Parliamentarian victory in the English
Civil War (1642-1649) and called for the execution of Charles I. As lord protector of England
(1653-1658) he ruled as a virtual dictator.
Charles the II/Stuart
First monarch of the restoration
The Glorious Revolution
William and Mary kicked James II out of England (exiled into France), allowed more power to
the legislatures
English Bill of Rights
King William and Queen Mary accepted this document in 1689. It guaranteed certain rights to
English citizens and declared that elections for Parliament would happen frequently. By
accepting this document, they supported a limited monarchy, a system in which they shared
their power with Parliament and the people.
Limited Monarchy
government in which a constitution or legislative body limits the monarch’s powers
Natural Laws
laws that govern human nature
John Locke
English philosopher who advocated the idea of a “social contract” in which government powers
are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people;
also said people have natural rights to life, liberty and property.
Baron de Montesquieu
French aristocrat who wanted to limit royal absolutism; Wrote The Spirit of Laws, urging that
power be separated between executive, legislative, and judicial branches, each balancing out
the others, thus preventing despotism and preserving freedom. This greatly influenced writers of
the US Constitution. He greatly admired British form of government.
Enlightened Despots
Absolute rulers who used their power to bring about political and social change
Rousseau
(1712-1778) Believed that society threatened natural rights and freedoms. Wrote about society’s
corruption caused by the revival of sciences and art instead of it’s improvement. He was
sponsored by the wealthy and participated in salons but often felt uncomfortable and denounced
them. Wrote “The Social Contract.”
autocratic
ruling with absolute authority; extremely bossy; absolute in power or authority;
boyar
a landowning noble of Russia; Russian noble; landowning noble in Russia under the tsars;
Catherine the Great
Catherine the Great (1729-1796) was the German-born empress of Russia (1762-1796) who led
her country in becoming part of the political and cultural life of Europe.
Frederick II
“Frederick The Great”-1712-1786;King of Prussia, aggressive in foreign affairs. Used military to
increase power. Encouraged religious tolerance and legal reform.
partition
(n.) something that divides (such as a wall); the act of dividing something into parts or sections;
(v.) to divide or subdivide into parts or shares
Peter the Great
(1672-1725) Russian tsar (r. 1689-1725). He enthusiastically introduced Western languages and
technologies to the Russian elite, moving the capital from Moscow to the new city of St.
Petersburg.
St. Petersburg
Built by Peter the Great of Russia to attract europeans and to get warm water ports.
warm-water port
port that is free of ice year round
westernization
adoption of western ideas, technology, and culture
elector
person appointed to vote in presidential elections for the major candidates
mercenary
hired soldier; a professional soldier hired by a foreign army;
depopulation
A reduction in population caused by natural or human-made forces.
Peace of Westphalia
the peace treaty that ended the Thirty Years’ War in 1648
Maria Theresa
This was the queen of Austria as a result of the Pragmatic Sanction. She limited the papacy’s
political influence in Austria, strengthened her central bureaucracy and cautiously reduced the
power that nobles had over their serfs
War of the Austrian Succession
series of wars in which various European nations competed for power in Central Europe after
the death of Hapsburg emperor Charles VI; This war was over the inheritance of the throne by
Maria Theresa, for the Salic law prevented a woman from solely ruling the state
Prussia
a strong military state in central Europe that emerged in the late 1600s
Frederick William I
(1713-1740) Calvinist; his reforms were intended to subordinate both aristocracy and peasantry
to the needs of the state + subordinate needs of the states to the demands of the military;
integrated economic +military structures of state; appointed only German officers to command
troops, eliminating mercenaries who sold their services to the highest bidder; placed noblemen
at head of locally recruited regiments; every adult male required to register for service in
regiment of local landlord; by end of reign, almost 70% of state expenditures went to army,
pacific foreign policy
what s the french bishop referring to in this passage
the divine authority of king louis XIV
which of the followng enlightenment principles from rousseau is evident in the us constitution
separation of powers
which monarch continued to allow serfs
peter the great, Catherine the great
which of these documents was the first to lay out specific rights and provide a limit on th
monarchs power
english bill of rights
which is a characteristic of the us constitution
separation of powers
why was the bastille an important symbol to the french
it represented the social injustice of the ancient regime
how did frances social divisions in the late 1700s contribute to the french revolution
members of the 3rd estate were dissatisfied with social and economic inequality
how did france change under the national assembely
france became a constitutional monarchy
with which statement would enlightenment thinker john locke have agreed
people have the right to overthrow a government that violates their rights
which of the following was most responsible for napoleons rise to power
his reputation as a military leader
why was napoleon unable to successfully establish a french empire in europe
most nations people resented the imposition of french culture